Search results for " Hyperthyroidism"
showing 10 items of 11 documents
Insulin resistance and diabetes in hyperthyroidism: a possible role for oxygen and nitrogen reactive species.
2019
In addition to insulin, glycemic control involves thyroid hormones. However, an excess of thyroid hormone can disturb the blood glucose equilibrium, leading to alterations of carbohydrate metabolism and, eventually, diabetes. Indeed, experimental and clinical hyperthyroidism is often accompanied by abnormal glucose tolerance. A common characteristic of hyperthyroidism and type 2 diabetes is the altered mitochondrial efficiency caused by the enhanced production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. It is known that an excess of thyroid hormone leads to increased oxidant production and mitochondrial oxidative damage. It can be hypothesised that these species represent the link between hype…
Prospective Trial of Functional Thyrotropin Receptor Antibodies in Graves Disease
2019
Abstract Context Scarce data exist regarding the relevance of stimulatory (TSAb) and blocking (TBAb) thyrotropin receptor antibodies in the management of Graves disease (GD). Objective To evaluate the clinical utility and predictive value of TSAb/TBAb. Design Prospective 2-year trial. Setting Academic tertiary referral center. Patients One hundred consecutive, untreated, hyperthyroid GD patients. Methods TSAb was reported as percentage of specimen-to-reference ratio (SRR) (cutoff SRR < 140%). Blocking activity was defined as percent inhibition of luciferase expression relative to induction with bovine thyrotropin (TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone) alone (cutoff > 40% inhibitio…
Congenital hyperthyroidism with reciprocal translocation t(1;17)(q25;q21)
1989
The authors report a case of 1;17 translocation and request contact with colleagues who have observed similar cases.
2018 European Thyroid Association Guideline for the Management of Graves' Hyperthyroidism.
2018
Graves' disease (GD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by the infiltration of thyroid antigen-specific T cells into thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R)-expressing tissues. Stimulatory autoantibodies (Ab) in GD activate the TSH-R leading to thyroid hyperplasia and unregulated thyroid hormone production and secretion. Diagnosis of GD is straightforward in a patient with biochemically confirmed thyrotoxicosis, positive TSH-R-Ab, a hypervascular and hypoechoic thyroid gland (ultrasound), and associated orbitopathy. In GD, measurement of TSH-R-Ab is recommended for an accurate diagnosis/differential diagnosis, prior to stopping antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment and during p…
Treatment of hyperthyroidism with radioiodine targeted activity: A comparison between two dosimetric methods.
2016
Radioiodine therapy is an effective and safe treatment of hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease, toxic adenoma, toxic multinodular goiter. We compared the outcomes of a traditional calculation method based on an analytical fit of the uptake curve and subsequent dose calculation with the MIRD approach, and an alternative computation approach based on a formulation implemented in a public-access website, searching for the best timing of radioiodine uptake measurements in pre-therapeutic dosimetry. We report about sixty-nine hyperthyroid patients that were treated after performing a pre-therapeutic dosimetry calculated by fitting a six-point uptake curve (3-168h). In order to evaluate the res…
Favorable clinical heart and bone effects of anti-thyroid drug therapy in endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism
2007
Although subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCH) has been associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and cardiac arrhythmias, its treatment is still controversial. This study was designed as a prospective, randomized, intervention, control-study with a 1-year follow-up in order to investigate whether normalization of serum TSH in SCH using methimazole has favorable bone and heart clinical effects. Fourteen patients with endogenous SCH (not Graves' disease) were enrolled, 7 (5 women/2 men; group T) were treated with methimazole (2.5-7.5 mg/day), and 7 (5 women/2 men; group C) were followed without treatment; 10 healthy subjects were also included in the study as controls. Serum free-T3 (FT3), …
FRAGILITY FRACTURES IN OLDER PERSONS WITH ALTERED THYROID FUNCTION
2016
Gli ormoni tiroidei sono peptidi che svolgono molteplici e complesse funzioni nell’organismo umano. Lo sche-letro è uno dei tessuti bersaglio degli ormoni tiroidei, ed una loro carenza o un loro eccesso ha importanti conseguenze sul tessuto osseo soprattutto nel periodo dello sviluppo e durante l’invecchiamento. I disturbi a carico della tiroide si osservano con maggior frequenza nei soggetti in età avanzata rispetto ai giovani. La tire-otossicosi è una causa nota di osteoporosi secondaria. L’ipertiroidismo conclamato e l’ipertiroidismo iatrogeno dovuto ad un eccesso nel dosaggio della terapia sostitutiva con ormoni tiroidei sono possibili cause di fratture ossee da fragilità. L’ipertiroidi…
Struma ovarii. Case report and revision of the literature
2011
Struma ovarii is a rare form of ovarian neoplasm, entirely or predominantly composed of thyroid tissue. This tumour generally has a benign biological behavior, although some cases of malignant transformation have been reported (5-10%). The tumour usually presents as an asymptomatic mature mass that may measure as much as 10 cm in diameter. The presence of ascites is possible (15-20%), and in a few cases the association of ascites and hydrothorax has been recorded (Pseudo-Meigs Syndrome); a close relationship between ascites and high levels of Ca-125, that may wrongly induce to a diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma is present. Other possible clinical consequences are compressive symptoms on adjac…
The 2015 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism
2014
Endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) is caused by Graves' disease, autonomously functioning thyroid nodules and multinodular goitre. Its diagnosis is based on a persistently subnormal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level with free thyroid hormone levels within their respective reference intervals. In 2014 the European Thyroid Association Executive Committee, given the controversies regarding the treatment of Endo SHyper, formed a task force to develop clinical practice guidelines based on the principles of evidence-based medicine. The task force recognized that recent meta-analyses, including those based on large prospective cohort studies, indicate that SHyper is associ…
Thyroid Disorders in Old Age
2019
Thyroid disorders are more frequent in old age, especially in women. Overt thyroid dysfunction may manifest as aging itself or as age-associated disorders of other organs. Therefore, an accurate clinical suspicion is essential for their detection in elders with multiple comorbidities, malnutrition, and chronic polypharmacy. Because chronic diseases are more prevalent in old age, nonthyroidal illness is also common in this age group. Most thyroid nodules in older persons are benign, yet a comprehensive individualized evaluation is needed in order to timely detect malignancy. While there is still debate on the decision to treat or not to treat subclinical thyroid disorders, current recommenda…